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Some Basic Facts About Wedge Anchors by Bret Henry
Wedge anchors are also known as expansion bolts and expansion anchors. These are used to attach objects onto concrete structures. They secure themselves onto a structure using a mechanical wedging effect at the end of the fastener. That is done because it consist of two separate pieces that are pre-assembled into a single unit. It consists of a threaded carbon steel rod and am expansion sleeve that tapers outward back to the rod's full diameter and the second piece is the steel clip, permanently assembled around the conical section of the rod. A wedge anchor also requires a nut and washer to complete the installation, so don't forget those.
Installation is done by the tightening of the carbon steel rod, which results in a wedge being driven up against the expansion sleeve, jamming the end of the rod. This provides the strength needed to anchor the object to the structure. Various manufacturers will provide a different variation on this theme, and have different brand names for their wedge anchor as well. There are three basic types of wedge anchors, and they are the fully threaded, partial threaded and the full-bodied wedge anchor, but the principle is the same for all of them.
It can be used in various applications, as long as the base material is solid concrete. It cannot be used on a surface that is made of brick, because it's the toughness of concrete that gives them a solid base with which to work. The holding power of it is always dependent on the quality of the concrete. They are designed to go into pre-drilled holes in concrete, so once it is installed, they cannot be removed without destroying the concrete's surface.
Once you've determined the correct size wedge anchor to use, you can install this expansion bolt in a few careful steps. First, you must have a washer that's larger than the fixture hole. Then you drill your hole carefully using a hammer drill and carbide-tipped masonry. The drill bit diameter should be the same as the wedge anchor's diameter. Make sure the hole is clean and free from any dust or debris by the use of a wire brush or vacuum, then get your wedge anchor and place the washer and nut on the carbon steel rod. Turn the nut a couple of turns, making sure that it is not fully threaded, as this protects the threads of the wedge anchor when you hammer it into the hole. Insert the wedge anchor into the hole in the concrete then carefully hammer the anchors into each hole, making sure that the threads go below the surface of the concrete. When the minimum embedment is met, you can finally tighten the nut using a torque wrench. Do not over-torque, as the anchor will either spin or pull out of the hole.
They have excellent holding values and are a superior choice when anchoring into solid concrete, just make sure the minimum embedment is met so you can have a solid mooring for whatever needs you might have.
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